1. 1. Jaipong Dance
2. 2. Mask Dance
3. 3. Sintren Dance
4. 4. Peacock Dance
5. 5. Badaya Dance
After considering
it, I chose the Theme “ Jaipong Dance”. What I will discus Include :
1. 1. History of jaipong dance
2. 2. Characteristics of jaipong dance
3. 3. Basic Movement of Jaipong dance
4. 4. The Development of jaipong dance in west
java
"JAIPONG DANCE"
Jaipong Dance, a typical West Javanese dance art, was born from
the collaboration of artists H. Suanda and Gugum Gumbira around the 1970s. Jaipong
dance is characterized by cheerful, enthusiastic, erotic, humanistic and simple
movements. Then the basic
movements of Jaipong dance include opening, pencungan, ngala, and mincit.
This Jaipong dance experienced quite rapid
development in 1980. The development included the staging and properties used
by the dancers who performed this dance. From there, the Jaipong dance became
known to all people in the West Java region.
Jaipong Dance was born from two
artists, namely H. Suwanda from Karawang and Gugum Gumbira from Bandung in the
1970s. The two artists collaborated to create the movements and musical accompaniment
of Jaipong Dance. Jaipong Dance was inspired by the Ketuk Tilu Dance which was
combined with other types of dance. The dance consists of Banjet Dance, Pencak Silat
Dance, Wayang Golek Dance, and Mask Dance. The combination of these movements
gave birth to a new type of dance called Jaipong Dance.
One of the main characteristics of
Jaipong Dance is its energetic and expressive movements. The movements in
Jaipong reflect strength, agility, and grace at the same time. Jaipong dancers
use their entire bodies to express emotions and stories in the dance, from hand
movements, foot steps, to facial expressions. This dance also displays many
elements of improvisation, especially in the hand and hip movements that sway
to the rhythm of the music. Another characteristic is the costumes worn by the
dancers. Usually, female dancers wear kebaya decorated with bright and striking
colors, combined with batik cloth or sampur tied around the waist. Accessories
such as buns and traditional jewelry add to the visual beauty of this dance.
The appearance of the clothing reflects the strong Sundanese cultural identity,
full of color and elegance. In terms of music, Jaipong Dance is accompanied by
a typical Sundanese degung gamelan with a fast and rhythmic tempo. Musical
instruments such as drums, gongs, sarons, and rebabs play an important role in
creating a lively dance atmosphere. The dominant drum beats provide a lively
rhythm and become the main guide for the dancers in adjusting their movements.
Music in Jaipong is not only an accompaniment, but also an integral part that
blends with the dance movements.
In general, the basic movements in
Jaipong Dance can be divided into four main parts, namely the opening movement,
the pencugan movement, the nibakeun movement, and the mincit movement. First,
the opening movement is the opening of the dance. This movement introduces the
dancer to the audience with graceful and confident steps. The opening usually
begins with graceful hand movements, a combination of foot steps, and the
playing of the sampur (shawl) which creates an elegant impression. The purpose
of the opening movement is to attract the attention of the audience and build
the atmosphere of the dance.
Second, the pencugan movement is a dynamic
movement that shows agility and strength. This movement comes from the Ketuk
Tilu and Pencak Silat movements, which are characterized by fast and steady
hand and foot movements. In Pencugan, there are many foot stamps and twisting
body movements, which express enthusiasm and courage. This movement gives a
strong color to the Jaipong dance and reflects the tough character of the
Sundanese people.
Third,
the nibakeun movement is a movement that is giving or welcoming. This movement
depicts a friendly, polite, and open attitude. The dancer performs this
movement by extending their hands towards the audience or dance partner slowly
and gently. This movement reinforces the impression that Jaipong is not only
about strength, but also refinement and friendliness.
Fourth, the mincit movement is a transitional movement performed
with small foot movements, such as short, light, and fast steps. Mincit is a
link between one movement and another, maintaining the continuity of the dance
so that it continues to flow. This movement looks simple, but requires good
body coordination and balance.
The development of Jaipong has been
very rapid since its inception. In the 1980s, this dance began to be performed
at various art festivals and official events, and was often used as a welcoming
dance for state guests in West Java. During this period, Jaipong also began to
enter the world of education, taught in schools as part of the local content of
arts and culture, and introduced in various dance studios in cities and
villages. In addition, Jaipong experienced developments in terms of
choreography and performance style. If at first the movements were still very
close to the original form of Ketuk Tilu, then in its development Jaipong began
to experience modifications. The movements became more varied and structured,
with techniques adapted to the needs of the modern stage
The dancers' costumes also
developed from traditional to more creative, with touches of color and design
that remained rooted in Sundanese culture but appeared more contemporary. Not
only in Indonesia, Jaipong Dance also began to be known abroad. Indonesian art
groups often perform Jaipong in various cultural exhibitions and international
art performances. This dance is considered a strong representation of
Indonesian culture, as it combines the richness of local traditions with the
appeal of modern performances.
Overall, Jaipong Dance is a typical West Javanese dance art form
resulting from the collaboration of H. Suanda and Gugum Gumbira in the 1970s.
This dance is famous for its energetic, expressive movements, and combines
elements from various types of traditional dances. Its rapid development in the
1980s brought Jaipong to various festivals, education, and modifications in
choreography, making it one of the most inspiring representations of Sundanese
culture and an integral part of local performing arts.
